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With a land area of around 10,200,000 km2, about 7% of the earth’s land surface, Europe is the world’s second smallest continent after Australasia. It has a population of around 730 million and covers 50 countries, Russia being the largest, although a major part of that country is in Asia. The Vatican City is the smallest, with a population of around 800. Europe is separated from Asia by the Urals and the Ural River in the east; by the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus in the southeast; and by the Black Sea, the Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles in the south. The Mediterranean Sea and Strait of Gibraltar separate it from Africa. Europe, especially Ancient Greece, is looked on as the birthplace of Western culture, and Western civilization and has played a principal role in world affairs since the 16th century, particularly following the advent of colonialism. European dominance of world affairs declined considerably after the two World Wars, with the USA and Russia taking prominence.
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